It was not until 1982 that the term „war“ was part of the writing and vocabulary of cargo insurance. Despite the ongoing conflicts here and there, there is not really a single, precise and comprehensive size that fits any definition of war. John Dunt says it (Dunt, 2009 London): „The word must have its ordinary and popular meaning, because a commercial man would use it. The Tribunal seeks the importance that the parties have intended and not a technical legal scope that stems from the duties of international law. An agreement that gives a person the right to own exclusive ownership. A clause of the Cargo Clauses 1982 that defines excluded risks, regardless of the risks covered elsewhere. An agreement under freight insurance, according to which insurers do not reduce the right to an overall average premium in the event of under-insurance. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) – both in 1982 and the last formulations of 2009 – are clear about the risks of war and strikes. Insurance does not cover the damage or costs of war, civil war, revolution, rebellion, insurrection or civil war, or the hostile acts committed by or against a power of war. Nor does it cover losses or damage caused by dilapidated weapons of war. This exclusion is the same in the three ICC formulations – A, B and C. The starting point is therefore that all risks of war are excluded. An agreement expressed by a deputy president on the real estate agent`s note.
A broker provision, whererly agreements (with those other than those that substantially alter the risk) will be accepted on the note of all insurers if they are signed only by the primary insurer. A maritime market agreement in which insurers cover only goods against war risks while they are on the ship subject to a delay after their arrival at the destination port. Loading and transloading in the destination port are reduced. A term on a note that requires that subsequent amendments be subject to the agreement of the Three Chiefs. The deed of a signature ballot or a mock agreement to signify the insurer`s agreement. The term can also be used in combination with a clause that excludes „scratches, bruises and bumps.“ We must now distinguish between land war and the risk of water war. With the exception of mail distribution (see The Institute War Clauses (Sendings by Post)) a land war is a risk that is not covered by the War Clauses (Cargo) institutes. Why is that so? This is because the land war was considered effective enough for the coverage to be separate and generally an optional reinsurance for the specific traffic in question.